The article discusses some aspects of the theory of the legal status of the individual in the Russian legal system. The analysis is carried out in the context of the Russian legal tradition in its relation to the Western tradition of law. The models of the legal status of a person in their development in modern times are considered. The question is raised about the model of the legal status of an individual that is relevant for Russia. The conclusion is made about the regulatory insufficiency of the constitutional and legal interpretation of the relationship between the individual and society in Russia. The trends that have determined the policy in the field of human rights are investigated. It is concluded that the principle of the rule of law within the framework of Western legal systems is currently a way to overcome traditional legal values. The problem of updating approaches to human rights in accordance with the historical values of the Russian legal culture is posed. The conclusion is made about the insufficiency of liberal and postclassical interpretations of human rights in the context of the Russian legal order. The directions of development of the institute of human rights in modern Russia, as well as certain international aspects of ensuring human rights are considered. The conclusion about the European and Eurasian identity of Russian human rights law is reasoned.